Key Words

Shutter - A camera shutter is a piece of equipment that allows light to pass through it fora certain period of time. 
Aperture - An opening that light travels through, limiting the amount of light that reaches the camera. 
JPEG - Means Joint Photographic Experts Group and it is the most common form of saving images. 
Composition - This means the arrangement of visual elements in a photograph, putting together the objects that make up your image. 
White Balance - This is an adjustable camera setting that makes white objects appear white in photographs. This setting defines what the colour light looks like in specific lighting conditions. 
Landscape - Landscape is a section of rural scenery or countryside or land that is photographed because it is aesthetically pleasing. 
Macro - This is a type of up-close photography, normally of very small objects such as insects or flowers. 
Portrait - This is a photograph of a person, normally a head and shoulders shot. 
Cropping - Cutting out edges of a photo to focus on one thing, this allows you to chose how much of the photograph you want to be seen. 
Contrast -  The separation between the darkest and brightest areas of the image.
Sepia - Sepia photographs are images that are a redish-brown colour pigment. 
Diffused Light - A light that produces soft shadows. It is usually bounced off something, or shone through a cloth.
Hard Light - A more abrasive lighting approach that creates sharp edged shadows; as opposed to soft lighting.
Three Point Lighting - The basis for most lighting arrangements where a subject is lit from three directions in a scene; backlighting, key lighting, fill light.
Photojournalism - This is a form of journalism that takes images and photographs to tell a story.
Juxtaposition - This means putting things close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. 
Representation - The action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or the state of being so represented.
Connotation - An idea or meaning associated with a particular word or thing.